Kubernetes Deployment

🏭 When to Use Kubernetes

Perfect For:

Enterprise production - Millions of verifications/day
High availability - 99.9% uptime requirements
Auto-scaling - Handles traffic spikes automatically
Multi-region - Global deployment across data centers
Large teams - DevOps teams with Kubernetes expertise

Requirements:

Kubernetes cluster (AWS EKS, Google GKE, Azure AKS)
DevOps team with Kubernetes experience
Budget: $500-5000+/month (depending on scale)

🚀 Quick Deployment

One-Command Setup

# Deploy complete VoP stack to Kubernetes
kubectl apply -f k8s/

# Check everything is running
kubectl get pods -n vop-system

# Expected output:
# vop-service-xxx   1/1   Running   0   2m
# vop-service-yyy   1/1   Running   0   2m
# vop-service-zzz   1/1   Running   0   2m

Access Your Service

# Forward port to access locally
kubectl port-forward svc/vop-service 8443:443 -n vop-system

# Service available at: https://localhost:8443

What You Get

🏗️ Enterprise Architecture

Internet → Load Balancer → Kubernetes Cluster
                         ├── VoP Pods (3+ instances)
                         ├── Database Cluster
                         ├── Redis Cluster
                         └── Monitoring Stack

📈 Enterprise Features

High Availability - 99.9% uptime with multi-zone deployment
Auto-scaling - Automatically adds/removes instances based on load
Load Balancing - Distributes traffic across multiple instances
Health Monitoring - Automatic restart of failed instances
Rolling Updates - Zero-downtime deployments
Resource Management - Efficient CPU and memory usage

🔒 Enterprise Security

Network isolation - Micro-segmentation between services
Pod security policies - Container-level security controls
RBAC - Role-based access control
Secret management - Encrypted storage of certificates and keys
Audit logging - Complete audit trail of all activities

Prerequisites Setup

Install Required Tools

# Install cert-manager (for SSL certificates)
helm repo add jetstack https://charts.jetstack.io
helm install cert-manager jetstack/cert-manager \
  --namespace cert-manager \
  --create-namespace \
  --set installCRDs=true

# Install NGINX Ingress (for load balancing)
helm repo add ingress-nginx https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx
helm install ingress-nginx ingress-nginx/ingress-nginx \
  --namespace ingress-nginx \
  --create-namespace

Configuration Overview

📦 VoP Service Configuration

# 3 instances for high availability
replicas: 3

# Rolling updates with zero downtime
strategy:
  type: RollingUpdate
  maxSurge: 1
  maxUnavailable: 0

# Resource limits
resources:
  requests:
    memory: "256Mi"
    cpu: "250m"
  limits:
    memory: "512Mi"
    cpu: "500m"

⚡ Auto-scaling Configuration

# Horizontal Pod Autoscaler
minReplicas: 3
maxReplicas: 20
targetCPUUtilizationPercentage: 70

# Scales up when CPU > 70%
# Scales down when CPU < 70%

🔒 Security Configuration

# Run as non-root user
securityContext:
  runAsNonRoot: true
  runAsUser: 1000
  readOnlyRootFilesystem: true

# Drop all capabilities
capabilities:
  drop:
  - ALL

Monitoring & Health Checks

📊 Built-in Monitoring

# Check service health
kubectl get pods -n vop-system

# View service logs
kubectl logs -f deployment/vop-service -n vop-system

# Check resource usage
kubectl top pods -n vop-system

# View service metrics
kubectl port-forward svc/vop-service 9090:9090 -n vop-system
# Visit: http://localhost:9090/metrics

🚨 Automatic Alerts

Service Down - Alert when any instance fails
High Error Rate - Alert when error rate > 5%
High CPU Usage - Alert when CPU > 80%
Memory Usage - Alert when memory > 90%
Response Time - Alert when response time > 1s

Deployment Commands

Service Management

# Deploy VoP service
kubectl apply -f k8s/

# Update deployment (zero downtime)
kubectl set image deployment/vop-service vop-service=vop-service:v2.0 -n vop-system

# Scale service manually
kubectl scale deployment vop-service --replicas=5 -n vop-system

# Check deployment status
kubectl rollout status deployment/vop-service -n vop-system

# Rollback if needed
kubectl rollout undo deployment/vop-service -n vop-system

Monitoring Commands

# Check all services
kubectl get all -n vop-system

# View recent events
kubectl get events -n vop-system --sort-by='.lastTimestamp'

# Check service endpoints
kubectl get endpoints -n vop-system

# Test connectivity
kubectl run test --image=busybox -it --rm --restart=Never -- \
  wget -qO- https://vop-service.vop-system.svc.cluster.local/health

Performance & Scaling

📈 Expected Performance

Response time: < 200ms average
Throughput: Unlimited (auto-scaling)
Uptime: 99.9% (with multi-zone deployment)
Concurrent users: 10,000+ simultaneous connections

🔄 Auto-scaling Behavior

Traffic Load    → Instances → Response Time
Low (< 1000/min) → 3 pods   → < 100ms
Medium (5000/min) → 6 pods   → < 150ms
High (20000/min) → 15 pods  → < 200ms
Peak (50000/min) → 20 pods  → < 300ms

💰 Cost Optimization

# Set resource requests appropriately
resources:
  requests:
    memory: "256Mi"  # Start small
    cpu: "250m"      # Scale up as needed
  limits:
    memory: "512Mi"  # Prevent memory leaks
    cpu: "500m"      # Limit CPU usage

Cloud Provider Setup

☁️ AWS EKS

# Create EKS cluster
eksctl create cluster --name vop-cluster --region us-west-2

# Deploy VoP
kubectl apply -f k8s/

# Setup load balancer
kubectl apply -f k8s/aws-loadbalancer.yaml

☁️ Google GKE

# Create GKE cluster
gcloud container clusters create vop-cluster --zone us-central1-a

# Deploy VoP
kubectl apply -f k8s/

# Setup ingress
kubectl apply -f k8s/gcp-ingress.yaml

☁️ Azure AKS

# Create AKS cluster
az aks create --resource-group vop-rg --name vop-cluster

# Deploy VoP
kubectl apply -f k8s/

# Setup ingress
kubectl apply -f k8s/azure-ingress.yaml

Troubleshooting

🚫 Pods Not Starting

# Check pod status
kubectl get pods -n vop-system

# Check pod details
kubectl describe pod <pod-name> -n vop-system

# Common issues:
# - Image pull errors: Check image name and registry access
# - Resource limits: Increase memory/CPU limits
# - Config errors: Check ConfigMap and Secrets

🌐 Service Not Accessible

# Check service
kubectl get svc -n vop-system

# Check ingress
kubectl get ingress -n vop-system

# Test internal connectivity
kubectl run debug --image=busybox -it --rm --restart=Never -- \
  wget -qO- http://vop-service.vop-system.svc.cluster.local:8443/health

📊 Performance Issues

# Check resource usage
kubectl top pods -n vop-system

# Check if auto-scaling is working
kubectl get hpa -n vop-system

# View detailed metrics
kubectl describe hpa vop-hpa -n vop-system

🔒 Certificate Issues

# Check certificate status
kubectl get certificates -n vop-system

# Check cert-manager logs
kubectl logs -n cert-manager deployment/cert-manager

# Manually trigger certificate renewal
kubectl delete certificate vop-tls-cert -n vop-system

Security Best Practices

✅ Kubernetes Security Checklist

RBAC enabled - Role-based access control configured
Network policies - Pod-to-pod communication restricted
Pod security policies - Container security standards enforced
Secrets management - Certificates stored in Kubernetes secrets
Image scanning - Container images scanned for vulnerabilities
Resource limits - CPU and memory limits set
Non-root containers - All containers run as non-root users
Read-only filesystem - Container filesystems are read-only

Migration from Docker

🔄 Migration Strategy

Prepare Kubernetes cluster - Set up EKS/GKE/AKS
Test deployment - Deploy to staging environment
Migrate data - Export/import database and certificates
Switch traffic - Update DNS to point to Kubernetes
Monitor - Ensure everything works correctly
Cleanup - Shut down old Docker environment

📋 Migration Checklist

Kubernetes cluster ready - EKS/GKE/AKS configured
VoP deployed to K8s - All services running
Database migrated - Data exported/imported
Certificates migrated - SSL certificates working
DNS updated - Traffic routing to K8s
Monitoring configured - Alerts and dashboards setup
Load testing completed - Performance validated
Rollback plan ready - Can revert if needed